The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/ship-twenty-nine.html

The story of the DC-10's cargo door, 1972 to 1974: the floor that fell in over Windsor and the crew that landed it, the directive that was drafted and withdrawn for a bulletin, and the aircraft whose papers said the fix was done.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/ship-twenty-nine.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/seven-feet.html

The story of Windscale Pile No. 1 and the ninth Wigner release, 1950 to 1957: the thermocouples fixed sixteen feet into the pile, the fire that began seven feet in front of them, and the report that stayed in a file for thirty years.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/seven-feet.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/sixty-two-volunteers.html

The story of the influenza experiments at Gallops Island, 1918 to 1919: the sixty-two sailors who volunteered to be given influenza and could not be given it, and the gunboat across the harbour that gave it to eight men in ten.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/sixty-two-volunteers.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/sixty-feet.html

The story of the lower Mexican intake and the Colorado River, 1904 to 1907: a cut sixty feet wide made without a gate on the strength of twenty-seven years of readings at Yuma, the five floods of one winter, and the two years it took to put the river back.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/sixty-feet.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/three-eggs.html

The story of the winter journey to Cape Crozier, 1902 to 1934: three men who walked into the Antarctic night for an embryo that would show where feathers came from, the three eggs that came back through 109 degrees of frost, and the report, twenty-three years later, that found nothing of the kind.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/three-eggs.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/rod-nine.html

The story of the Army's SL-1 reactor and Idaho, 1955 to 1962: the one control rod that could start the reactor by itself, the four inches a procedure allowed it, and the twenty it travelled on the night of 3 January 1961.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/22/rod-nine.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/twenty-five-hundred.html

The story of the steamer Eastland and Chicago, 1903 to 1935: the counting machine that clicked to 2,500 at the gangway, the four rafts that had raised the number, and the stability that nobody had ever measured.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/twenty-five-hundred.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/eight-percent.html

The story of Hans, the horse of Wilhelm von Osten, Berlin, 1904 to 1907: the thirteen who watched the trainer and found no signal, the questioner who was not told the answer, and the fifth of a millimetre the horse had been reading all along.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/eight-percent.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/a-million-tons.html

The story of the Salk vaccine's field trial and Cutter Laboratories, 1954 to 1955: the salt water given to two hundred thousand children, the result read out at Ann Arbor on 12 April 1955, and the straight line that was supposed to end in one live particle per million tons.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/a-million-tons.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/one-point-three-millimetres.html

The story of the Hubble Space Telescope's mirror and the instrument that measured it, 1977 to 1994: a lens set a spacer's width out of place, the two tests that said so for a year, and the word that let their readings be set aside.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/one-point-three-millimetres.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/three-inches.html

The story of the St Francis Dam and the Santa Clara valley, 1923 to 1929: a section borrowed from another canyon and raised twenty feet, a reservoir filled for the first time to three inches below the lip, and the clear water that was read as a good sign.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/three-inches.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/thirty-one-percent.html

The story of Project Stormfury, 1961 to 1983: the hurricanes seeded with silver iodide, the wind that fell by a third, and the storms that did the same thing with nobody in the sky.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/thirty-one-percent.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/sixty-five-centimetres.html

The story of Werner Forssmann and a ureteral catheter at Eberswalde, 1929 to 1956: the X-ray plate he walked downstairs to make, the three pages of 5 November, and the eleven years the tube waited for the two men who needed it.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/sixty-five-centimetres.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/four-million-minutes.html

The story of Mars-500, Moscow, 2010 to 2011: six men sealed for 520 days in a pretend spacecraft, a crew that came out well and said so, and the wrist counters that recorded a different flight.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/four-million-minutes.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/a-pair-of-oilskin-breeches.html

The story of the Jeannette and the Fram, 1879 to 1896: the ship sent through Bering Strait to find a warm current and an open sea, the floe that carried her wreckage to Greenland in three years, and the ship built to follow it.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/a-pair-of-oilskin-breeches.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/tape-two.html

The story of the Stanford prison experiment and its archive, 1971 to 2019: twenty-four students sorted by a coin into a basement in Jordan Hall, six days that were read for half a century as proof that the role makes the man, and the recordings in the boxes that said who had written the role.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/tape-two.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/fifteen-megatons.html

The story of Castle Bravo and the atolls east of Bikini, 1954 to 1957: the six megatons the designers expected, the fifteen they got, and the islands and the fishing boat that were the only instruments downwind.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/fifteen-megatons.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/five-drops.html

The story of Pasteur's anthrax trial at Pouilly-le-Fort, 1881: fifty sheep in a farmyard near Melun, the day he named for half of them to die, and the notebook that said what was in the syringe.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/five-drops.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/three-quarters-of-a-pint.html

The story of the Lanarkshire milk experiment, 1930 to 1939: twenty thousand children in sixty-seven schools, the teachers who gave the milk to the ones who needed it, and the result that three statisticians could not make say anything for certain.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/three-quarters-of-a-pint.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/one-in-a-hundred-thousand.html

The story of the swine flu programme of 1976: the virus that stopped at Fort Dix in February, the forty million people vaccinated against it by December, and the count of paralysed patients that was read in time.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/one-in-a-hundred-thousand.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/case-seventeen.html

The story of Edward Jenner and the boy James Phipps, 1796 to 1853: two incisions half an inch long, the test on the first of July, the paper the Royal Society was advised not to see, and the one subject who was tested twenty times.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/case-seventeen.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/eighty-five-goats.html

The story of J. S. Haldane's goats and HMS Spanker, 1905 to 1915: the steel chamber in a Chelsea yard, the rule that the pressure may always be halved, and the diver for whom the only table in use was not enough.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/eighty-five-goats.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/fifteen-sledges.html

The story of Alfred Wegener's station Eismitte in the middle of the Greenland ice, 1930 to 1931: the two motor sledges that could not climb the snow, the fifteen dog sledges that went in to make up for them, and the year of readings the station kept all the same.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/fifteen-sledges.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/four-hundred-inches.html

The story of Three Mile Island Unit 2, 1977 to 1979: a relief valve that stuck open, a light that showed only what the valve had been told to do, a gauge that read four hundred inches, and the two hours and twenty-two minutes in which the men who trusted them throttled the pumps that were saving the core.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/four-hundred-inches.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/the-silver-skin.html

The story of Eijkman's chickens and the prisons of Java, 1889 to 1901: the cooked rice from a hospital kitchen that paralysed a laboratory's hens, the hundred prisons that answered the question, and the twelve years in which the right experiment was read through the wrong hypothesis.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/the-silver-skin.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/chlorinated-lime.html

The story of the two lying-in clinics of the Vienna General Hospital, 1840 to 1865: the women sorted by the day of the week they went into labour, the basin at the door of the labour room that closed the gap, and the thirteen years in which the man who put it there wrote nothing down.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/chlorinated-lime.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/seven-hundred-metres.html

The story of the Vajont dam and the slope of Monte Toc, 1959 to 1963: a mountain run as an experiment with the water as its control, a model of gravel that gave one number, and the question nobody put to it.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/seven-hundred-metres.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/fourteen-hundred-pounds.html

The story of the Deepwater Horizon at the Macondo well, 2010 to 2016: the test that took the weight off a cemented well and watched for three hours, the gauge that read 1,400 pounds per square inch where it should have read zero, and the explanation that let the night go on.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/fourteen-hundred-pounds.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/two-and-a-quarter-inches.html

The story of the Quebec Bridge, 1897 to 1917: the span lengthened and its weight never recounted, the chord that bent from three quarters of an inch to two and a quarter in a week, and the telegram that went to Phoenixville instead of to the bridge.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/two-and-a-quarter-inches.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/thirty-eight-grains.html

The story of two water companies and the south side of London, 1849 to 1856: three hundred thousand people sorted by the pipe that reached their house, the man who went from door to door to read it, and the committee that preferred the air.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/thirty-eight-grains.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/eighteen-thousand.html

The story of the Comet and the water tank at Farnborough, 1946 to 1955: the length of cabin that stood eighteen thousand pressurisations at Hatfield, the two airliners that broke up after a thousand flights, and what the test had really measured.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/eighteen-thousand.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/one-in-a-hundred-and-ten.html

The story of Project Cirrus and the hurricane of October 1947, 1946 to 1961: a hundred and eighty pounds of dry ice dropped into a storm that was leaving, the turn it made that night, and the experiment that could never have a second hurricane.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/one-in-a-hundred-and-ten.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/twenty-five-watts.html

The story of the lighting tests at the Hawthorne Works, Cicero, Illinois, 1924 to 1932: the output that rose whatever was done to the lamps, the effect that went into every textbook, and the data sheets that nobody read for eighty years.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/21/twenty-five-watts.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/fifty-three-degrees.html

The story of the Space Shuttle's booster joints, 1977 to 1988: the seven flights that came back with burned seals, the seventeen that came back clean, and the night the charts on the table showed only the first.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/fifty-three-degrees.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/one-in-seventy-two.html

The story of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, 1938 to 1941: the deck that rose and fell from the day it opened, the four months of readings taken to cure it, and the motion the readings never measured.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/one-in-seventy-two.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/a-dozen-healthy-infants.html

The story of Albert B. and the infant laboratory at Johns Hopkins, 1919 to 2014: one baby, a steel bar, seven joint stimulations, the fear that went into every textbook, and the number nobody read.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/a-dozen-healthy-infants.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/an-aluminium-prism.html

The story of René Blondlot's N-rays, Nancy, 1903 to 1906: the new light that dozens of papers confirmed, the prism Robert Wood lifted out of the dark, and the one instrument nobody tested, which was the eye that read all the others.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/an-aluminium-prism.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/the-right-glove.html

The story of Project Excelsior and the New Mexico desert, 1958 to 1960: the parachute built to stop a falling man from spinning, the three balloons that carried him up to test it, and the reading he chose not to send down.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/the-right-glove.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/eighteen-g.html

The story of the Gee Whiz and Sonic Wind No. 1, Muroc and Holloman, 1947 to 1954: the limit the services had built their seats to, the flight surgeon who rode past it with his own body as the instrument, and the eight and a half minutes in which the instrument could not see.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/eighteen-g.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/three-planks.html

The story of the warship Vasa and Stockholm, 1625 to 1628: the thirty men who ran across her deck at the quay, the three planks she heeled before the admiral stopped them, and the inquest that questioned everyone but him.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/three-planks.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/fifty-four-tests.html

The story of command module 012 and Launch Complex 34, 1962 to 1968: the cabin of pure oxygen above sea-level pressure, the list that counted fifty-four of a hundred and four tests as hazardous, and the one that was not on it.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/fifty-four-tests.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/nine-hundred-north.html

The story of the submarine Thresher and the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, 1958 to 1963: the hundred and forty-five joints the yard tested, the twenty that failed, and the two words that came up the telephone at seventeen minutes past nine.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/nine-hundred-north.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twenty-four-feet.html

The story of the king's commissioners and the baquet, Paris and Passy, 1784: a blindfolded boy among the trees of Franklin's orchard, the fluid that was not there, and the cure that outlived the finding by a century.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twenty-four-feet.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/a-flying-pin.html

The story of CSIRO's myxoma virus and the Murray, 1950 to 1951: the seven liberations that failed through the winter, the mosquito that carried the disease eight hundred miles in a summer, and the three men who injected themselves because the public would not read the laboratory's papers.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/a-flying-pin.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twelve-beetles-a-night.html

The story of the Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations and the giant toad, 1932 to 1937: the figure that came from Puerto Rico, the hundred and two toads that came from Honolulu, and the feeding trial that was run only after the toads were out.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twelve-beetles-a-night.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/eleven-convicts.html

The story of the Rankin prison farm and the filth parties, 1914 to 1937: eleven men fed biscuits, grits and syrup until six of them sickened, sixteen volunteers who took into themselves what the sick gave off, and the diet table the South declined to read for twenty years.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/eleven-convicts.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/building-number-one.html

The story of Camp Lazear and the United States Army's Yellow Fever Board in Cuba, 1900 to 1901: two huts in a field near Quemados, the fifteen mosquitoes let loose in one of them, and the seven men who slept in the other, in the sheets of the dead, and stayed well.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/building-number-one.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/five-thousand-numbers.html

The story of Project Cybersyn and Chile's nationalised factories, 1971 to 1973: the telex network that carried a government through a strike, the daily indices that were built to be read and mostly were not, and the room the army took apart.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/five-thousand-numbers.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/two-hundred-feet.html

The story of Fordlandia and the Tapajós, 1927 to 1945: the Michigan town built to grow rubber in rows, the fungus that lived on the leaves, and the government bulletin that had already said what would happen.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/two-hundred-feet.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/thirty-eight-boys.html

The story of the Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study, 1935 to 1981: three hundred and twenty-five pairs of boys divided by a coin, five years of friendly guidance that most of the men said had helped them, and the control group that heard what they could not.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/thirty-eight-boys.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/one-clear-word.html

The story of the Dolphin Point laboratory on St Thomas, 1964 to 1966: a flooded room, a young woman and a young dolphin named Peter, ten weeks of lessons on quarter-inch tape, and the gap between the sounds and the claim that nobody ever measured.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/one-clear-word.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/one-day-in-sixty-five.html

The story of Alain Bombard and L'Hérétique, 1951 to 1958: sixty-five days from Las Palmas to Barbados on raw fish, plankton and sea water, the hot meal aboard the Arakaka, and the medical log that was the experiment's only control.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/one-day-in-sixty-five.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/ninety-one-percent.html

The story of BIOS-3, the sealed steel rooms under the Institute of Biophysics in Krasnoyarsk, 1972 to 1984: three winters, a wheat field under xenon lamps, a balance sheet that closed the air and the water to the gram, and the nine percent that was decided in advance.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/ninety-one-percent.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twenty-five-days.html

The story of Michel Siffre's two descents, the Scarasson glacier in 1962 and Midnight Cave, Texas, in 1972: the body that kept a clock of its own, and the man who could not read it.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twenty-five-days.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/seventy-five-words.html

The story of the raft Kon-Tiki and the Pacific, 1947 to 2020: nine balsa logs that showed a crossing could be made, five boards that nobody on board knew how to use, and a demonstration the world read as proof.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/seventy-five-words.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/seventy-eight-below.html

The story of Bolling Advance Weather Base and the Ross Ice Shelf, 1934: the weather station a man kept alone through the polar night, the stove that poisoned him while he kept the readings, and the base that read his messages for what they said rather than for how they were sent.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/seventy-eight-below.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twelve-stamps.html

The story of Wörgl's labour certificates, Tyrol, 1932 to 1933: the money that lost one per cent a month, the speed nobody measured, and the court that read a different instrument.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/20/twelve-stamps.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/four-hundred-telegrams.html

The story of the airship Italia and the Arctic, 1928 to 1929: the forecast that promised a following wind, the distress call that a Russian amateur heard before the expedition's own ship did, and the inquiry that found one man to blame.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/four-hundred-telegrams.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/chicken-heart.html

The story of a strain of cells from a chick embryo's heart at the Rockefeller Institute, New York, 1912 to 1946: fed every other day for thirty-four years, celebrated every January as proof that cells need never die, and the feed that nobody tested.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/chicken-heart.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/two-silver-dollars.html

The story of a cot bed on a Fairbanks scale, Massachusetts, 1901 to 1907: six dying patients, fifteen dogs, the three-quarters of an ounce that became twenty-one grams, and the five readings nobody read.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/two-silver-dollars.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/one-cubic-centimetre.html

The story of Max von Pettenkofer and the cholera bacillus, 1854 to 1901: the glass he drank in Munich on 7 October 1892, and the comparison between Hamburg and Altona that was answering his question while he drank it.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/one-cubic-centimetre.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/a-million-observations.html

The story of Universe 25, a mouse pen at the National Institute of Mental Health's Animal Center near Poolesville, Maryland, 1968 to 1973: eight mice that became 2,200, the counts that were the instrument, and the parable that got read instead.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/a-million-observations.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/four-billion-gallons.html

The story of a tower beside Morena reservoir and the city of San Diego, 1915 to 1938: the lake that filled, the dam that went, and the test that could not be read either way.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/four-billion-gallons.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/three-million-acres.html

The story of the Groundnut Scheme and Tanganyika, 1946 to 1955: the plan that was to clear three million acres of bush for Britain's margarine, the rain gauge nobody read, and the £36 million written off in a white paper.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/three-million-acres.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/thirty-inches.html

The story of Camp Century, the US Army's camp inside the Greenland ice sheet, 1959 to 1969: the trenches that closed thirty inches a year, the missiles nobody mentioned, and the jars of frozen mud that waited fifty years in a freezer.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/thirty-inches.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/six-hundred-feet.html

The story of Sealab III and San Clemente Island, 1957 to 1971: the habitat lowered to 610 feet in one step from 205, the helium that would not stay in, and the breathing rig that no checklist had covered.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/six-hundred-feet.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/three-menus.html

The story of thirty-six conscientious objectors under the stands of a Minneapolis football stadium, 1944 to 1950: six months of hunger that answered the relief workers' question in full, in a book that came out after they had stopped asking.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/three-menus.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/thirty-six-seconds.html

The story of the rundown test at Chernobyl Unit 4, 1982 to 1986: the forty seconds a coasting turbine was meant to cover, the letter of 1983 that said what the stop button would do, and the night the button was pressed to end the experiment.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/thirty-six-seconds.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/two-crews.html

The story of the submarine H. L. Hunley and Charleston, 1863 to 2017: the two crews she drowned in the harbour before she ever went to sea, the third that took her out with the charge on a pole, and the blue light that was the last anyone saw of her.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/two-crews.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/thirty-strings.html

The story of Starfish Prime and Project West Ford, 1958 to 1966: a hydrogen bomb and half a billion copper needles fired into the sky above everyone, and the instruments that answered from other people's roofs.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/thirty-strings.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/forty-two.html

The story of St. Matthew Island, 1944 to 1985: twenty-nine reindeer landed as emergency rations for a radio station, the six thousand nobody harvested, and the forty-two that were left when the snow went.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/forty-two.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/two-oranges-and-a-lemon.html

The story of the Salisbury and the scurvy, 1747 to 1795: twelve men in the fore-hold, the six days that answered the question, and the forty-eight years before anyone acted on the answer.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/two-oranges-and-a-lemon.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/nine-days.html

The story of Langley's Aerodrome and the Potomac, 1887 to 1942: the models that flew, the fifty thousand dollars, the two launches that ended in the river, and the nine days before two bicycle makers flew.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/nine-days.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/seven-miles.html

The story of the Mammoth balloon and the British Association's ascents, 1862 to 1866: the observer who read his instruments until his eyes gave out, the aeronaut who opened the valve with his teeth, and the height that was never measured.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/seven-miles.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/four-thousand-pads.html

The story of the airship R101 and the Imperial Airship Scheme, 1924 to 1931: the two ships built to be compared, the trials programme her captain wrote and never flew, and the certificate signed before the report was.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/four-thousand-pads.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/eighteen-hundred-boxes.html

The story of the guaranteed-income experiments in Seattle, Denver and Dauphin, Manitoba, 1968 to 2011: the divorce rate that ended a policy and then turned out not to exist, and the town whose results sat in a warehouse for thirty years.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/eighteen-hundred-boxes.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/the-demon-core.html

The story of the third plutonium core and Los Alamos, 1945 to 1946: the assembly held apart by a screwdriver, the diagram drawn afterwards, and the number that took thirty years to settle.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/the-demon-core.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/sixty-five-hours.html

The story of Andrée's balloon and the Arctic, 1895 to 1930: the ropes that were the whole plan, left on a beach two minutes after the start, and the diaries that came home thirty-three years late.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/19/sixty-five-hours.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/18/sixteen-reindeer.html

The story of the cutter Bear and Alaska, 1881 to 1950: the herd that grew to six hundred thousand, and the number that was the only thing anyone read.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/18/sixteen-reindeer.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/18/dive-eighty-eight.html

The story of OceanGate's Titan, 2017 to 2023: the hull that gave its warning on dive 80, and the year nobody read it.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/18/dive-eighty-eight.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/18/two-years-under-glass.html

The story of Biosphere 2, Oracle, Arizona, 1991 to 1993, and the oxygen that went into the walls.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/18/two-years-under-glass.html#young

The written entry, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/17/the-nuclear-boy-scout.html

The story of a potting shed in Michigan, 1991 to 1994, and the experiment nobody was watching.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/experiments/2026/10/17/the-nuclear-boy-scout.html#young

A word from 1875, a Russian idea, flasks in Hawaii, a Siberian basement, and the claim that the Earth could have a second instance.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/biosphere-1/

Eight hungry people, the best blood work of their lives, and a result that undid itself in six months.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/healthy-starvation/

Six and a half percent of the air was gone and the system was sealed. Where it went, and how counting carbon found it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/the-audit/

A reporter, a columnist and a committee were making three different complaints. Only one was ever answered.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/the-critics/

Starved, short of breath, mocked on the way out, and at war with each other by month six. Five of them never left the field.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/the-eight/

How a building with eighty kilometres of joints was made to leak less than a tenth of its air a year, and why nothing could have been learned without it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/the-seal/

Marshals on April 1, two biospherians at the airlock four nights later, and an archive nobody owns.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/the-year-it-fell-apart/

The bees died, an ant took over, the desert went green, and the reef that lived became the project's real discovery.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-years-under-glass/what-lived-and-what-died/

The Bear after the reindeer, 1926 to 2021: a museum, a film, two Antarctics, a war, a restaurant that never opened, and fifty-eight years on the bottom.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixteen-reindeer/the-ship/

The Bear after the reindeer, 1926 to 2021: a museum, a film, two Antarctics, a war, a restaurant that never opened, and fifty-eight years on the bottom.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixteen-reindeer/the-ship/#young

The last flight of R101, 4 and 5 October 1930: seven and a half hours from the wireless log, the forecasts, and the six men who got out.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-thousand-pads/the-last-watch/

The documents the inquiry printed, in the order they were written, November 1929 to October 1930: the gale, the holes, the inspector's letter, the minister's minutes, the professor's draft and the captain's programme.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-thousand-pads/the-papers/

August 1966: three men, thirty-two reindeer, a ship that could not come, a Super Cub out of the clouds, an airdrop nobody needed, and a Grumman Goose.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/forty-two/the-pick-up/

The radio station on St. Matthew Island, 1942 to 1946, and what it left: nine men without mail, five men lost on a calm sea, a winter of tunnels, and the toilet on the bluff.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/forty-two/the-station/

Three sentences from 1864 and 1866, a lantern with a clear glass, an ordnance manual's recipe, and the argument over whether the Hunley signalled before she sank.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-crews/the-blue-light/

William Alexander's description of the Hunley from memory in 1902, and what the archaeologists measured on the bottom in 1996: a boiler cut in two, tanks open on top, a candle for an air gauge, and a keel that could be dropped with a wrench.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-crews/the-boat/

The Union side of 17 February 1864: what Dahlgren had ordered, what Pickering had rigged, what six witnesses saw from the Housatonic's deck, and what three captains on the Wabash made of it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-crews/the-court-of-inquiry/

The third crew, as the muster rolls, a letter of April 1864 and the forensic work of 2001 to 2004 give them: where each man sat, where he came from, and what was found beside him.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-crews/the-eight/

The paper trail on the rods, 1975 to 1984: an accident at Leningrad, a commission, a start-up measurement at Ignalina, two letters, and a limit that never became a rule.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-six-seconds/the-letter-of-1983/

Three weeks in the Palace of Culture at Chernobyl, July 1987: six men, one article of the Ukrainian criminal code, and the sentences that closed the official account.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-six-seconds/the-trial/

How the accident was explained: the version taken to Vienna in August 1986, the version the Soviet regulator's own commission wrote in 1991, and what the IAEA said in between.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-six-seconds/the-two-reports/

The Mark IX, the note Blackburn sent up, the half hour the rigs hung in the sea, what the board heard, and the case made in 2024 that Cannon was electrocuted.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/six-hundred-feet/four-rigs/

John Craven's night on the barge: the winch, the submarine, the valve that would not stay shut, and the sabotage finding that Naval Intelligence would not make.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/six-hundred-feet/the-open-valve/

The missile field that Camp Century was a model of: a study of 1960, a paper of 1962, a railway in a trench, and the folder found in Washington in 1996 that told Denmark what had been planned under its ice.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-inches/iceworm/

The core from Trench 12, 1960 to 2023: six seasons of drilling to the rock, the ice that made a science, and the three and a half metres of frozen mud that waited fifty-one years in a freezer to say Greenland had been green.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-inches/the-jars/

What the scheme did to the Southern Province of Tanganyika, 1946 to 1952: the labour it could not find, the wages it drove up, the goats at a hundred shillings, and the tenant farms that outlived the plan.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-million-acres/days-of-great-prosperity/

The engineers' inquest on Lower Otay, February to June 1916: a promoter's design, a steel plate a quarter of an inch thick, a spillway a third too narrow, and the one reading a pile of rock can give.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-billion-gallons/the-hybrid-dam/

Towson, 1947 to 1949, and a barn at Rockville, 1958 to 1962: a quarter-acre pen watched from a tower, a room of four pens, a ball of dirt, and the phrase that got out before the mice went in.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-million-observations/rat-city/

Augustus Clarke, Austin O'Malley and MacDougall in American Medicine, May to December 1907, and the verdict a century later.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-silver-dollars/the-argument-about-heat/

What the newspapers printed in March 1907, in full, and what the letters say instead.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-silver-dollars/the-wire-story/

How two men in Philadelphia found that normal cells stop, why the journal would not print it, and what the limit turned out to be made of.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/chicken-heart/fifty-doublings/

What the public was told about the chicken heart, from the Nobel Prize of 1912 to the obituary of 1946, and the radio play that frightened a generation.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/chicken-heart/the-birthdays/

What went into the medium every other day for thirty-four years, what the laboratory thought it was, and why it is the prime suspect.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/chicken-heart/the-juice/

Einar Lundborg's two landings on the floe, 23 and 24 June 1928, as he told them the same year: the order of rescue, the general who went first, and the pilot who stayed.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-hundred-telegrams/midsummer-eve/

The commission of 1928 to 1929, its three questions and its answers, General Crocco's appendix, and what a flight surgeon made of them ninety years later.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-hundred-telegrams/the-inquiry/

What Biagi sent from the ice between 25 May and 8 June 1928, what the Città di Milano sent instead, and the reasoning that kept her from listening.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-hundred-telegrams/the-twelve-days/

How fast the Wörgl money moved: a mayor's guess, an official's count at one desk, a journalist's multiplication, and the figure that has been repeated ever since as a measurement.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twelve-stamps/four-hundred-and-sixteen/

The National Bank's letters and the district officer's orders, 21 July 1932 to 10 August 1933: a nuisance to be stopped, a district officer who argued for it, an article with the word could in it, and a deadline.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twelve-stamps/the-file/

What two Swiss visitors heard in Wörgl's shops in 1933, and what the town treasury could count: the grocer, the wholesaler, the police inspector's thief, and the stamps that would not stick.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twelve-stamps/the-twelve-questions/

What the Weather Bureau made of five months of one man's observations: the instruments he was given, the tables of 1939 and the summaries of 1941, the blanks, the correction of 21 July, and how much colder the interior was.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seventy-eight-below/the-readings/

The radio between the hut and Little America: the petrol engine and the hand-cranked trail set, the three schedules a week and the broadcasts to America, the nine days' silence, and the men at the other end who read the words while one of them read the hand.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seventy-eight-below/the-schedules/

What Juan and Ulloa wrote about the guaras in 1748, what the Kon-Tiki's crew found out about them in mid-ocean, and what was never tried.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seventy-five-words/the-five-boards/

Language, adzes, radiocarbon, the sweet potato and the genomes: how the second half of Heyerdahl's hypothesis was tested, from 1846 to 2024.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seventy-five-words/the-tests-since/

The voyage as the world read it in 1947, from the first delayed report in May to the flags in Washington in October.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seventy-five-words/what-the-wires-said/

What the free-running clock measured from Mammoth Cave in 1938 to Harvard in 1999: twenty-five hours, forty-eight hours, and finally twenty-four hours and eleven minutes.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-five-days/the-length-of-a-day/

The people Michel Siffre sent underground after himself, 1964 to 1989: what their telephones told the surface, what the surface never told them, and the one who did not recover.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-five-days/the-speleonauts/

Bios-1 and Bios-2, 1964 to 1968: a man in a twelve-cubic-metre cabin breathing through eighteen litres of algae, the thirty-day run that balanced the air, and the reasons the algae could never be the food.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ninety-one-percent/chlorella/

The tables behind the percentages: what one person needs a day, what Bios-3 made, which elements it lost and gained, and what each of the six published figures, from 40 to 95 percent, is a percentage of.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ninety-one-percent/the-ledger/

The argument over drinking sea water, 1943 to 1958: Ladell's wards, Hervey and McCance's six men, two American manuals, the Medical Research Council's 27,000 shipwrecked, and Lindemann's swollen ankles, set against the dose Bombard never measured.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-day-in-sixty-five/a-pint-and-a-half/

Monaco to Tangier with Jack Palmer, 25 May to July 1952: the sealed jerry-cans, a companion who would not drink on the first day, the liner that handed down bully beef, a capsize under tow, and the fourteen-day medical summary that was the first page of the log.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-day-in-sixty-five/the-rehearsal/

LSD at the Communication Research Institute, 1964 to 1966: what Lilly told a conference in May 1965, what he measured, and how the second experiment drew the money and the attention from the first.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-clear-word/the-other-track/

What was recorded in the flooded room, how it was written down, what the one checkable measure actually measured, and where the reels are now.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-clear-word/the-tapes/

How 1,953 names became 325 pairs, 1935 to 1939: the home visitor, the ninety-three traits, the three judges and their eleven-point scale, the 160 items on a code sheet, the coin, and the first year's 8,483 interviews.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-eight-boys/diagnostic-twins/

Cabot's presidential address to the social workers, Minneapolis, June 1931: eighty per cent of failure at Concord, eighty-eight at a Boston agency, the dangers of statistics, and the parallel series of cases in which we did nothing.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-eight-boys/the-pea-shooter/

The fungus and the tree, 1900 to 2014: four names for one organism, why the Guianas lost their plantations, why Asia has not, and the three-part tree that was Fordlandia's one result.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-hundred-feet/the-leaf/

The week of December 22, 1930, at Boa Vista: the cafeteria line, the badge, the night on the tug, the soldiers on Christmas Eve, and the two stories the wires told.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-hundred-feet/the-time-clocks/

How Britain read Cybersyn in the ten weeks after the Observer: the lecture at Brighton, Joseph Hanlon's two pieces in the New Scientist, the letter from Herb Grosch, and the left that called it a machine for watching workers.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/five-thousand-numbers/fifteen-february/

The operations room in Santiago as Beer described it to India in 1974 and as the people who built it remember it: seven chairs, sixteen projectors, 1,200 slides, six walls or eight, and the wall that was left empty for a meter of the public mood.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/five-thousand-numbers/the-room/

The fomites doctrine before Camp Lazear: what the ports did, the two stories Reed went to check, what La Roche had said in 1855, and what the Board told the quarantine officers to stop doing in September 1901.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/building-number-one/the-trunk-and-the-lawn/

The diet tables as the Public Health Service printed them: the Rankin squad's week of 2 to 8 August 1915, weighed to the hundredth of a pound; the orphanage and asylum menus that stopped the disease; and the pellagra-preventing bill of fare of 1918.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eleven-convicts/the-bill-of-fare/

Goldberger's own account of the filth parties of April to June 1916: sixteen volunteers, seventeen patients, the blood, the swabs, the scales and the excreta, dose by dose, and what each volunteer felt afterwards.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eleven-convicts/the-seven-experiments/

The Southern Medical Association's symposium on pellagra, 8 to 11 November 1915, a week after the pardons: fourteen physicians on the convicts, the newspapers, the boll weevil, arsenic, and two hundred dollars in the bank.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eleven-convicts/what-dallas-said/

Raquel Dexter's 301 toads, Puerto Rico, 1930 to 1932: how the only measurement in the story was made, what it found under the banana trees, and the two numbers that did not travel.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twelve-beetles-a-night/the-court-of-final-appeal/

How the Wildlife Survey Section counted rabbits, read the predators and measured the mosquitoes on its sites along the Murray in 1950, and what the counts said before December.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-flying-pin/the-counting/

Australian X disease, 1917 to 1951: the brain fever that came with the floods, the virus Eric French grew from it, and the mosquito it shared with the rabbits.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-flying-pin/the-other-virus/

The notes in Lavoisier's hand that set out, before the decisive experiments, how to separate magnetism from imagination, and the script for a day at Passy.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-four-feet/lavoisiers-plan/

Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu, the botanist on the second commission, who worked the method with his own hands, found something he could not explain away, and asked for more experiments.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-four-feet/the-one-who-did-not-sign/

The run of experiments around the tree: Jumelin's hall, a surgeon who pretended to be Mesmer's pupil, the cups at the Arsenal, the paper partition, and a young woman who lost her voice to order.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-four-feet/the-other-blindfolds/

The second document the nine commissioners signed on 11 August 1784, written for the king alone, and what it said that the printed Report did not.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-four-feet/the-secret-report/

What the Navy built out of the court's recommendations: the sixteen tasks of June 1963, the certification criterion of December, the emergency blow, the cost per ship, and the audit of 1985 that found the standards turning back into goals.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/nine-hundred-north/maximum-reasonable-assurance/

Four men in a pilot house, one loudspeaker and no recorder: what each of them told the court he heard between 9:12 and 9:18, and why the Navy's message that afternoon left most of it out.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/nine-hundred-north/the-telephone-log/

How pure oxygen came to fill every American spacecraft on the pad, 1960 to 1968: a test pilot who passed out, a decision of 1962, a review of fire hazards that cost a dollar, and what the Board decided to keep.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifty-four-tests/the-atmosphere/

The two warnings on paper before the fire, 1965 to 1967: a general's notes on the contractor, a quality inspector's fifty-seven pages, and what Congress made of them.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifty-four-tests/the-phillips-report/

What survives of the inquest held at Stockholm Castle on 5 September 1628, in English: the officers, the builders, and the eight opinions of the experts.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-planks/the-protocol/

What survives of the inquest held at Stockholm Castle on 5 September 1628, in English: the officers, the builders, and the eight opinions of the experts.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-planks/the-protocol/#young

The wreck from 1628 to 1961: the Englishman who stood her on her keel, the divers in the lead bell, the engineer with the corer, and the morning she came up.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-planks/three-hundred-and-thirty-three-years/

The wreck from 1628 to 1961: the Englishman who stood her on her keel, the divers in the lead bell, the engineer with the corer, and the morning she came up.

The written version: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-planks/three-hundred-and-thirty-three-years/#young

High Dive and the sixty-seven dummies, 1953 to 1959: what they recorded as they fell, the four years it took to make the parachute open, and how they came back forty years later as aliens.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/the-right-glove/the-dummies/

What the Academy's commission said about the rays when it gave Blondlot the Prix Leconte on 19 December 1904, in French and in English.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/an-aluminium-prism/the-citation/

Wood's letter to Nature of 22 September 1904, in full, and the experiment at the end of it that nobody ran.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/an-aluminium-prism/the-letter/

What the physiologists said was happening in the dark room, in Nature, before the prize: Lummer in Berlin, McKendrick in Glasgow, Burke at the Cavendish.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/an-aluminium-prism/the-rods-and-the-cones/

How the bar, the rat, the weight, the crying and the ending changed as Watson told the story, 1920 to 1924, and what the textbooks did afterwards.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-dozen-healthy-infants/five-tellings/

The laboratory notes of the five sessions with Albert, as Watson and Rayner printed them in 1920, entire.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-dozen-healthy-infants/the-notes/

The papers of the summer of 1938 in which the bridge was designed and approved: the designer's two reports, the consultants' report, the lenders' engineer's doubts, and the agency's account of how it judged a design.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-in-seventy-two/the-reviews/

The seven accounts of the morning of 7 November 1940 that were written down while they were fresh: the bridge engineer, the instrumentman, the designer, the chainman, the professor, the contractor's engineer and the cutter's captain.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-in-seventy-two/the-statements/

What the Commission, the House committee, three statisticians and the engineers' own critics made of the same twenty-four flights, 1986 to 2002: a chart with seventeen zeros, a 13 per cent, a scatterplot, and the question of who had the numbers.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifty-three-degrees/four-readings/

The record on the joint, 1973 to January 1986: a test that opened instead of closing, two memoranda nobody answered, a letter R that came off and stayed on, a leak check that made holes, a constraint waived six times, and a problem closed five days before the launch.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifty-three-degrees/the-paper-trail/

Five women, twenty-four periods and five years: what the relay assembly test room recorded, and what three sets of readers made of it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-five-watts/the-test-room/

The lighting tests period by period, from the tables Snow kept: dates, lamps, foot-candles and coils an hour, 1924 to 1927.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-five-watts/three-winters/

A home freezer, a rented aeroplane and a snowstorm nobody claimed: how the flying passed into government hands, 1940 to 1947.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-in-a-hundred-and-ten/the-cold-box/

How three Weather Bureau forecasters found the hurricane in 1957, and where it had been at 11:38 on the morning of the 13th.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-in-a-hundred-and-ten/the-log-of-the-lisieux/

The Comet inquiry's first three weeks, 19 October to 5 November 1954: Heald's opening, Hall and Walker on the tank and the wreckage, Bowhill on the minute of 5 March, and Brabazon's hostages to fate.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eighteen-thousand/the-crowns-case/

The Comet inquiry's last three weeks, 8 to 24 November 1954: Tye's doubt, Harper and Bishop on the eighteen thousand, the new requirements, and the speeches of counsel.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eighteen-thousand/the-makers-case/

Every count of the two companies' dead, 1854 to 1856, from Snow, Farr and Simon, set side by side, with the places where they disagree and why.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-eight-grains/the-numbers/

Broad Street, Golden Square, 31 August to 8 September 1854: the fortnight in the same summer that the world remembers instead, and why Snow himself did not rest his case on it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-eight-grains/the-pump/

The fifteen findings of the Royal Commission of 1908, its judgment on the men of 27 to 29 August, the government's engineer on the stresses, and Theodore Cooper's hundred dollars of timber.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-and-a-quarter-inches/the-findings/

The papers of 27 to 29 August 1907: the inspector's letter with the two measurements, the chief engineer's two accounts of why the work went on, the resident engineer's reassurance, and the four telegrams of the last morning.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-and-a-quarter-inches/the-last-three-days/

The correspondence of August 1907 between the inspector at the bridge, the consulting engineer in New York and the contractor at Phoenixville, from the first bent rib on the 6th to the last letter about it on the 27th, as the Royal Commission printed it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/two-and-a-quarter-inches/the-letters/

How the test at Macondo was written, 12 to 20 April 2010, and the three hours of 20 April reading by reading, as the four investigations give them.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fourteen-hundred-pounds/conduct-negative-test/

The investigations and the courts, 2010 to 2016: BP's report and the call it left out, the bladder effect after the blowout, the Commission and the joint investigation, the pleas, the trial, and the two well site leaders.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fourteen-hundred-pounds/the-reckoning/

Three inquiries and three verdicts, 1963 to 1971: a majority that found the slide foreseen by no one, a minority that said it could and should have been avoided, and the courts that split the difference.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seven-hundred-metres/the-commission-and-the-court/

Tina Merlin's articles in L'Unità, 1959 to 1963: the one that was prosecuted, the one that reported the first slide, the one that asked whether the collapse would be slow or sudden, and the one written on the morning after.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seven-hundred-metres/the-correspondent-from-belluno/

Ghetti's report of 3 July 1962: a lake at 1:200, fifteen cubic metres of gravel, a tractor, twenty-two runs, the tables they gave, and the two sentences the engineers took from them.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seven-hundred-metres/the-model-at-nove/

The Corps of Engineers' report of 1985: clay on the sliding surface, rain beside the reservoir, a failure envelope, and why the slide went so fast.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seven-hundred-metres/the-mountain-reread/

The three evenings of 1850 on which the Society of Physicians of Vienna heard the case, and the colleague who went back to his own records and found that they said the opposite.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/chlorinated-lime/forty-one-post-mortems/

Skoda's commission of 1848, forbidden on the professor's protest, and what was done instead: nine rabbits, a letter to Prague, a letter from Kiel, and a lecture to the Academy of Sciences.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/chlorinated-lime/the-rabbits/

Every count of the two Vienna clinics from 1784 to 1862, as Semmelweis, Hebra, Haller, Skoda, Routh and Spaeth gave them, with the places where they disagree and why.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/chlorinated-lime/the-tables/

Vorderman's survey of 1896, prison by prison: the letter that did not hint, the samples sorted blind, the registers corrected, and the six ways its result has been counted since.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/the-silver-skin/the-hundred-prisons/

Takaki's two training ships, 1882 to 1884: a cure that worked for a reason that was wrong, and why the man who could prove the reason wrong discounted the cure.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/the-silver-skin/the-navy-that-was-cured-first/

How the Indies and Dutch newspapers fought the beriberi question from 1896 to 1898 as a question of which poison rice contained, and what Eijkman said when he answered them.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/the-silver-skin/the-paper-war/

The five days outside the plant, 29 March to 2 April 1979: a reading of 1,200 millirems, a calculation that gave the same number, an evacuation recommended and withdrawn in an hour, the governor's advisory, the hydrogen bubble, and the President in the control room.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-hundred-inches/friday/

The paper trail from Oconee and Davis-Besse to Three Mile Island, 1975 to 1979: a valve that stuck twice before, the engineers at Lynchburg who wrote to each other about it, the reviewer at the NRC who filed a note, and the instruction sent seven days after the core melted.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-hundred-inches/the-memoranda/

How Sorge and Weiken read the route west from Eismitte in May 1931: the sledge at 255 kilometres, the skis at 189, what they found a metre down on 12 May, and the trail of Rasmus Villumsen that stopped at 155.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifteen-sledges/the-grave/

The two propeller sledges from Finland: what Wegener's diary says they could and could not do in the first week of September 1930, what their engineer said for them, the run they made in May 1931, and where they ended.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifteen-sledges/the-sledges/

Eleven days off Bute, 20 to 31 August 1906, dive by dive: the pumps tested against the sea, the gauge tapped, the hawser that fouled Catto in thirty fathoms, and the two descents to 210 feet.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eighty-five-goats/the-spankers-diary/

How a table of stops was calculated from five imaginary parts of the body, what the two Admiralty tables allowed, what Leonard Hill said was wrong with them, and how the model has been corrected ever since.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eighty-five-goats/three-hundred-and-nine-minutes/

The London trials, January to May 1799: two hundred cows in a town dairy, six hundred people inoculated in a smallpox hospital, three-fifths of them covered in spots, and the stock that went out to the country on threads.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/case-seventeen/grays-inn-lane/

What was said against the Inquiry, 1796 to 1805: a warning from Chester before the experiment was a year old, a President's advice, an imperial physician with a story from a Wiltshire alehouse, and a surgeon at Portsea who read the arms the other way.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/case-seventeen/the-objections/

The Pittsburgh clinic of Monday 11 October 1976, hour by hour: 1,242 vaccinations, three medical emergencies, three deaths, 77,000 doses, and the death rate the surveillance centre had worked out in advance.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-in-a-hundred-thousand/lot-a/

Sencer's action memorandum of 13 March 1976, section by section: seven facts, eight assumptions, four alternatives, and the five questions the Budget Office put beside it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-in-a-hundred-thousand/nine-pages/

Stockpiling, March to June 1976: Alexander's question to the committee, his letter to Sencer, Goldfield on the evening news, Sabin's brigades, and the two words, jet spread, that closed the subject each time.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-in-a-hundred-thousand/the-question-nobody-answered/

What Student proposed instead, in 1931, and what became of it: pairs and a coin, a fingernail marked with ink, the 8,435 children counted off by fours in five towns from 1934 to 1937, and a modern statistician's reading of the design.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-quarters-of-a-pint/fifty-pairs-of-twins/

Student's nine pages of December 1931, read in order: the four defects, the two diagrams, the three conclusions, the letters to Karl Pearson that produced them, and what the paper did and did not say about Fisher.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-quarters-of-a-pint/the-goddess-of-chance/

What the report's tables say, and what four readers made of the same figures between 1931 and 1933: the initial differences, the gains, Bartlett's regrouping, Student's percentages, Elderton's pairs and Pearson's probabilities.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-quarters-of-a-pint/the-twelve-tables/

The sheep vaccinated after Pouilly-le-Fort, counted by Pasteur, by the veterinarians of Chartres and by Robert Koch: ninety thousand in eight months, and the ones that died.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/five-drops/the-ledger/

Toussaint's sealed note, Pasteur's holiday cut short, and the summer of 1880 in which the laboratory learned that an antiseptic could make a vaccine.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/five-drops/the-race/

A hundred and fifty notebooks shut in a family cupboard, the three pages that say what was in the syringe, and the argument of 1995 over whether it mattered.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/five-drops/the-tenth-notebook/

How the task force drew where Bravo's dust would fall, 1952 to 1956: the five per cent of Mike that was ever found, the cylinder on the chart, the three briefings, and the three reconstructions that argued about the sky for fifty years.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifteen-megatons/the-fallout-plot/

The voyage of the Fukuryu Maru No. 5, January to September 1954: a tuna boat outside the line, the ash that fell for four hours, the doctors who were not let in, and the radioman who died in September.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/fifteen-megatons/the-fortunate-dragon/

What was said about the experiment from 1971 to 2020: the slide show and the film, the textbooks, the doubters who argued from the report, the op-ed of 2005, and the exchange of 2018 to 2020 between the people who ran it and the people who read the boxes.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/tape-two/the-argument/

What the Zimbardo papers hold and what they do not: 182 boxes at Stanford, one at Akron, the tapes and transcripts put online, the fifteen per cent of the week that was recorded, and how to read a prison from its filing.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/tape-two/the-boxes/

San Francisco, October 25, 1971: the last witness of a nine-hour day tells a House subcommittee that the guards made up their own rules, that the prison situation is guaranteed to generate pathology, and that every one of them could have been Calley at My Lai.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/tape-two/the-hearing/

May 15 and 16, 1971: an undergraduate's weekend prison in a dormitory basement, with six prisoners, a schedule, fifteen rules and a professor's suggestion, and how much of it was in Jordan Hall three months later.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/tape-two/toyon-hall/

What three kayakers found off Julianehaab on 18 June 1884, what Carl Lytzen wrote down and what he denied, what Louis Noros said about his own trousers, who refused to believe any of it, and how Nansen turned twenty-one pieces of rubbish into a speed of two miles a day.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-pair-of-oilskin-breeches/the-list/

The evening of 14 November 1892 at the Royal Geographical Society: how Nansen described the ship Colin Archer had built him, what McClintock, Nares, Young, Richards, Hooker and Greely said would become of her, and what two of them said when she came back.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-pair-of-oilskin-breeches/the-prophets/

The 520 days as the six lived them, from the diaries of Romain Charles and Diego Urbina and the institute's bulletins: the morning ballet, the barcode reader, the power cut, two New Years, the month on Mars, the week of silence and the dull August.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-million-minutes/the-crews-calendar/

The hundred experiments of Mars-500 and what they found: the weekly questionnaires, the radio badges, the belt accelerometers, the radiograms, the salt, the blood, the microbes, the arteries and the disputes among them.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-million-minutes/the-other-instruments/

The actigraphs of Mars-500 and their record in full: how the watches worked, how they were checked, what each of the six did with his 520 days, and what the lamps had to do with it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/four-million-minutes/the-wrist-counters/

Cournand and Richards at Bellevue, 1931 to 1956: ten years of failing to measure the blood going into the lungs, the catheter that got it, and what was done with it in the war and after.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-five-centimetres/the-key-in-the-lock/

Who was first, 1831 to 1956: a probe in a cholera patient's artery, a catheter in Bleichröder's arm in 1912, Klein's eleven in Prague, the addendum on page 2287, and what a photograph is worth.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-five-centimetres/the-letter-from-unger/

Eight weeks at China Lake in the summer of 1961: a smoke that turned out to be a seeding agent, a flare built to burn inside a hurricane, and the two drops into Esther that started everything.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-one-percent/cyclops/

The rules that decided which hurricanes could be seeded, the count of how few there were, and the plan to take the aircraft to the Pacific that two governments said no to.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/thirty-one-percent/the-years-without-a-storm/

Mulholland before the coroner's jury, March and April 1928: the leak that was clear as glass, the nineteen dams, the suspicion he would not divulge, and the sentence he closed with.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-inches/on-the-stand/

The boards that read the wreck, March to June 1928: the Governor's commission, the city council's, the district attorney's, the water board's geologists, the coroner's jury, and the Grunskys with Bailey Willis, who alone looked at the other bank.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-inches/six-reports/

The assistant, the builders, the rancher, the men who drove past the dam that night, and the commissioner who had left it all to one man: what the rest of the inquest heard, March and April 1928.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-inches/the-other-witnesses/

From the Senate hearing of 10 July 1990 to the pictures of 13 January 1994: the test that was never required, the prescription, a 25-million-dollar settlement, five spacewalks, and two photographs of one galaxy.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-point-three-millimetres/the-dress-rehearsal/

The refractive, reflective and inverse null correctors in Perkin-Elmer's test tower, 1978 to 1990: what each could see, what each said, what the board measured when it took them apart on paper, and the mirror in the crate that was right.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/one-point-three-millimetres/three-instruments/

What the inspectors found in the five plants in May 1955, the arithmetic of a test that samples a thousandth of a pool, and the rules that replaced the straight line.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-million-tons/laboratory-a/

How the 1954 field trial was designed so that its answer could be believed, and what the 201,229 children who got the placebo bought for everyone else.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/a-million-tons/salt-water/

Carl Stumpf's statement of 9 December 1904 on the horse of Mr von Osten, given whole in the English of 1911, with the answer Albert Moll made to it a month later.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eight-percent/the-report-of-december/

The rest of Pfungst's laboratory: the jerk of the head measured on the drum of a kymograph, a millimetre on average and a fifth of a millimetre in von Osten, five sheets of paper on the floor in place of the coloured cloths, and what Pfungst made of mind-readers and telepathy.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eight-percent/the-smoked-paper/

The commission of September 1904: how it came to exist, who sat on it, what its own records say it did on the 11th and 12th, the statement it signed, and what Berlin made of it in the week after.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eight-percent/the-thirteen/

Pfungst's laboratory, from November 1904: the horse's part played by a man, twenty-three questioners out of twenty-five who jerked their heads at the number they were thinking of, and the subjects who could be taught a new involuntary movement in seven trials without knowing it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/eight-percent/twenty-five-people/

The inquiries and twenty years of law that followed the Eastland: the coroner's jury, Redfield's board, two grand juries, the removal hearing before Judge Sessions, and the limitation case that ended in 1935 with nothing left to pay.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-five-hundred/grand-rapids/

The paper trail of the Eastland's passenger allowances from 1903 to 1915, and the arithmetic of boats, rafts and life preservers behind the last one.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-five-hundred/seven-hundred-and-seventy-six/

How the Eastland's water ballast worked, who understood it, and why a half-filled tank is worse than an empty one.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/twenty-five-hundred/two-hundred-and-fifty-tons/

The rescue and the recovery, 3 to 25 January 1961: a minute at a time on a floor reading 500 roentgens an hour, a body cut out of its clothes by car headlights at twenty below, a net under a man on the ceiling, and three caskets lined with lead.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/rod-nine/sixty-five-seconds/

What the SL-1's own records said in the two years before 3 January 1961: the boron that flaked off the fuel, the rods that stuck one time in forty and then one in eight, the night orders of December, and who in Washington knew.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/rod-nine/the-rod-log/

How General Electric found out where the rod had been, May 1961 to November 1962: a seized guide tube cut open in a hot cell, slide marks matched to a plaster cast, men pulling a spare rod out of a tank of water against an oscilloscope, and the sentence about motive that the report did not write.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/rod-nine/twenty-six-and-a-half-inches/

The three embryos from Cape Evans to Edinburgh: Wilson's plan of 1907 in full, the eggs opened in the hut, the receipt in South Kensington, the embryologist who cut them and died, and Cossar Ewart's report of 1922, which found feathers and scales to be different things from the start.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-eggs/the-custodians/

What the three men dragged and what they ate: Bowers's list of sledge weights as Cherry-Garrard printed it, the three rations and how they were revised in the tent, the six tins of oil, and the verdicts Scott wrote down for the journey to the Pole.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-eggs/the-ledger/

Bowers's register of the winter journey, 27 June to 1 August 1911, day by day from Wilson's report, and what Simpson found when he set it beside the readings at Cape Evans: a Barrier 20 to 25 degrees colder than the Sound, and the stream of cold air at its edge.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-eggs/the-thermometer/

The Museum's report of September 1934: what Parsons found in the sections, why three embryos of one age could not give a series, what the Adélie eggs said about scales and feathers, and the answers that came afterwards from the rocks of New Zealand and China.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/three-eggs/two-shillings/

How the first closing was made, from Cory's report: the branch railway laid without asking, the quarries, the camp of six tribes under martial law, the brush mattress woven on a barge, the trestle, and the rock that nobody had believed in, August to November 1906.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-feet/battleships/

The second closing, 20 December 1906 to 16 March 1907, from Cory's report and Newell's: ninety-foot piles in a quartering current, the trestles torn out three times, the rate of dumping by the day, and what the two closings taught the men who made them and the engineers who argued about it.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-feet/fifteen-days/

What the runaway river did in the valley while the engineers fought it at the heading: the overflow of 1906, the levee at Calexico, the waterfall that walked through Mexicali, the forty-three miles of gorge, the sea rising seven inches a day, and the railway climbing out of its way.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-feet/the-new-river/

What passed between Harriman and Roosevelt from 13 December 1906 to 7 January 1907, what the President told Congress, and what became of the promise to share the burden, 1908 to 1911.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-feet/the-telegrams/

Nicolle and Lebailly in Tunis, September 1918, and Yamanouchi in Japan that winter: the transmission experiments that did give people influenza, with the same tools and in the same months as the ones that did not.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-two-volunteers/the-experiments-that-worked/

McCoy and Richey at Angel Island, November and December 1918: fifty sailors who had never met influenza, a donor aged nine and another aged one, and the five billion bacilli every volunteer had already been given before the experiment began.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-two-volunteers/the-san-francisco-series/

The February and March 1919 experiments at Gallops Island: forty-three men, eighty-two inoculations, material taken four hours after a man's first symptom, one case everybody argued about, and a great deal of tonsillitis.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-two-volunteers/the-second-winter/

The four explanations for the failure at Gallops Island, weighed with what has been learned since, and the modern repeat of 1913 that inoculated fifty-two donors, exposed seventy-five people for four days, and recorded one transmission.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/sixty-two-volunteers/why-it-did-not-work/

The district surveys and the ban, 12 October to 23 November 1957: a limit worked out on a Saturday night from first principles, two hundred square miles of Cumberland, and fifty years of reckoning what came out of the chimney.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seven-feet/the-milk/

What was published and what was not, 26 October 1957 to January 1988: a report recommended for publication in full, a memorandum that found it against the national interest, three committees under Sir Alexander Fleck, and a file opened after thirty years.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/seven-feet/the-white-paper/

The documents of 1972 and 1973: the service bulletin before Windsor, the directive drafted and withdrawn, the Safety Board's letter, the Administrator's reply, the three bulletins, and the letters on the floor.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ship-twenty-nine/the-bulletins/

The other half of Flight 96, 12 June 1972: the eight flight attendants, the fallen floor, the slides, and the Safety Board's list of what the collapse had done to the cables.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ship-twenty-nine/the-cabin/

American Airlines Flight 96 from the ramp at Detroit to the runway, 12 June 1972, as the crew and the cockpit voice recorder told it to the Safety Board.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ship-twenty-nine/the-cockpit/

The telegraphic airworthiness directive of 7 March 1974 and its amendment, the Administrator's explanation, the Safety Board's three further recommendations, and the French Commission's fourth.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ship-twenty-nine/the-directive/

How the DC-10's aft cargo door was meant to lock, part by part, and what the Safety Board's tests at Long Beach found in the summer of 1972.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ship-twenty-nine/the-door/

What the French Commission measured on the wreckage of TC-JAV's door, and on a new door rigged to match it, at Saclay and Zurich, 1974 and 1975.

The written piece, with its sources and photographs: https://journalofexperiments.com/deeper/ship-twenty-nine/the-new-door/